A powerful terror ruled over lands in Hungary in the 16th century. A student organization of St. Marys University of San Antonio, Texas, featuring scholarly research, writing, and media from students of all disciplines. Elizabeth Bthory, or Bthory Erzsbet in her native Hungarian, was born in Nyrbtor on August 7, 1560. Yes, there are descendants of Elizabeth Bathory that are living today. Elizabeth Bathory was born on August 7, 1560, in Nyrbtor, Hungary. While I have no doubt she might have reached the sadistic level she was, I believe her upbringing where her parents tortured and mutilated their servants, combined with the sadistic nature of her husband helped her reach that level much quicker. Ferenc Ndasdy 's wife, and after his death, the wealth and properties were inherited by her. She sometimes even used scissors to slice open the skin between her victims fingers. Impressed by Stephen, George VI Bthory, of the Ecsed branch, was persuaded to change his allegiance from the Habsburgs to Zpolya, for which the Habsburg king deprived him of his castle Bujak. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. While facing fraud charges, she was publicly revealed to be a transgender woman. Elizabeth Bathory was born in 1560 to Baron George VI Bathory and Baroness Anna Bathory in Nyirbator, Hungary. No, Bthory was not a doctor/scientist/midwife. At the time of Thurzs investigation, some accused her of being a vampire, while others claimed to have seen her have sex with the Devil. She was born into one of the noble families of Hungary, the Bathory family which uses the fang of a dragon as its crest. However, Thurzo ordered her bricked into a windowless room in Cjsethe Castle. Bathorys servants, thirteen in total, testified against her. The theory is consistent with Hungarian history at that time, which included religious and political conflicts, especially relating to the wars with the Ottoman Empire, the spread of Protestantism and the extension of Habsburg power over Hungary. I was researching about it today and I found a family tree of her husband Ferenc Nadasdy. She met Erzsi Majorova soon after, who practiced witchcraft. But before long, many locals began to point their fingers at Countess Elizabeth Bathory. By . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [3], The younger branch of the family, the Bthory of Ecsed, were descended from Luke, the youngest son of Briccius. Through her mother, Elizabeth was the niece of the Hungarian noble Stephen Bthory (15331586), the King of Poland, the Grand Duke of Lithuania of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, and Prince of Transylvania. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Bathory Nadasdy family agreed to cancel Matthias's debts- and Matthias decided that Elizabeth Bathory would disappear behind the walls of her castle. As was the case with many noble families at the time, the family had long been marrying relatives to keep their status; thus, some theorize that Elizabeth's inbred ancestry could have left her vulnerable to mental instability. Anna (Ndasdy) Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld, Mikls (Ndasdy) Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld, Katalin (Ndasdy) Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld, Orsolya (Ndasdy) Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogarasfld, Pl (Ndasdy) Ndasdy de Ndasd et Fogaras-Fld, Erzsbet (Bathory) Bthory de Ecsed (1560-1614), http://www.macse.hu/gudenus/mfat/fam.aspx?id=15945, http://genealogy.euweb.cz/hung/bathori3.html#EG, Erzsbet (Bthory) Bthory de Somly (bef.1528-1562). Bathory sometimes tortured girls by driving needles into their fingers, cutting their noses or lips or whipping them with stinging nettles. It is also interesting to note that the King of Hungary only took notice or sent someone to investigate the disappearances of young girls when it was young noble girls disappearing. In 1602 a priest wrote a letter that discussed the excessive cruelty exhibited by Bathory and her husband towards their servants. A history of epilepsy from the Greeks to the beginnings of modern neurology", "Bthory Erzsbet Bthory Erzsbet: Short FAQ", "No Blood in the Water: The Legal and GenderConspiracies Against Countess Elizabeth Bathory in Historical Context", "The Early Ottoman Period, Including Royal Hungary, 15261606", "Elizabeth Bthory Drop of Blood Festival: 16 August 2014", "A genealogy of the Ndasdy family, including her descendants", A complete genealogy of all descendants Elizabeth Bthory (17th-20th century), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Bthory&oldid=1132822934, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2018, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia references cleanup from March 2021, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from March 2021, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, All articles that may contain original research, Articles that may contain original research from October 2021, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 19:35. According to Biographics, Bthory also had a steady supply of victims since she had almost 400 peasant women and girls working as servants across her estates. Wertner, Moritz, "Urgeschlechter in Siebenbrgen. Legend has it that. Anna was born roughly in the year 1585, and Katalin approximately 1594. Bathory Erszabet and Vlad III Tepes are separated by more than a century, but united in the reputation they developed outside of Eastern Europe for cruelty, brutality, and bloodthirstiness. Worst case? I guess that is the problem with absolute dynastic systems, you get people in power who really shouldnt be. This diary, however, appears to have only been a legend. After hearing the accusations, Thurz ultimately charged Bathory with the deaths of 80 girls. Two of the women and the male servant were sentenced to death, which was quickly carried out. After these executions Thurz continued to investigate the countess. A late 16th-century copy of the now-lost portrait of Elizabeth Bathory, painted in 1585 when she was 25 years old. Said bloodline was also one of generational inbreeding. There were many suspected forms of torture carried out by Bthory. [citation needed] Thurz, along with Paul and her two sons-in-law, originally planned for Bthory to be sent to a nunnery, but as accounts of her actions spread, they decided to keep her under strict house arrest.[22]. Bthory was born in 1560 on a family estate in Nyrbtor, Royal Hungary. Countess Elizabeth Bathory, or Erzsbet Bthory, was a wealthy and powerful Hungarian noblewoman whose relations included an uncle who was king of Poland and a nephew who was prince of Transylvania. While Elizabeths husband was away at war, she met a witch named Anna Darvulia. She suffered from epilepsy as a child, possibly from familial inbreeding. Elizabeth Bthory was born in 1560 to Protestant nobility in Hungary. There are only secondary accounts of her actions. [9] Her older brother, Stephen Bthory (15551605), served as a Judge Royal of Hungary. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Bathory. Her family lands, dotted across today's Slovakia, were part of the 'Kingdom of Hungary' that was absorbed by the Habsburgs in 1536. I really liked your article! Together with four of her servants, she was accused of . CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. She would bite shoulders and breasts, as well as burning the flesh, including the genitals, of some victims. You can see in the photo that II. She had everything going for her in her life, she was rich, beautiful, and her family was well . Its really interesting to learn about women serial killers because they are less common than men. After all, legend has it that she bathed in the blood of at least 650 servant girls she had tortured and killed. Many modern Hungarian scholars believe that the accusations against Elizabeth Bathory were exaggerated. Thurz ordered two notaries, Andrs Keresztry and Mzes Czirky,[19] to collect evidence in March 1610. Her brother was a judge royal of Hungary. Imprisonment allowed family members to take control of the powerful widow's possessions (her sons-in-law knew beforehand that her arrest was coming). According to the opinions of a majority of historians, legends such as her bathing in the blood of the young women were based on later rumors. I will start with the claims where the evidence is clearest: No, Bthory did not keep a list of her victims/"patients". Though previous accounts of the murder of peasant women had apparently been ignored, the claims in 1609 that she had slain women from noble families attracted attention. [8] Szdeczky-Kardoss argues that the physical evidence was exaggerated and Thurz misrepresented dead and wounded patients as victims of Bthory, as disgracing her would greatly benefit his political state ambitions. Leave a message for others who see this profile. [citation needed] The castle had been bought by his mother in 1569 and given to Ndasdy, who transferred it to Elizabeth during their nuptials, together with the Csejte country house and seventeen adjacent villages. Elizabeth Bathory, a Hungarian countess, was the daughter of Ann and George Bathory.1 She was born on August 7th, 1590, in Transylvania.2 She came from a wealthy, Protestant family that were significant landowners in Hungary. The Blood Countess, as she would be known in the centuries to come, was born into a prominent family who held power over an ironic region: Transylvania, which was then part of Hungary. The fact that a large debt owed by Matthias to Bthory was canceled by her family in exchange for permitting them to manage her captivity suggests that the acts attributed to her were politically motivated slander that allowed relatives to appropriate her lands. This article caught my eye because there is a Swedish extreme Metal band that goes by the same name (Bathory). It is more likely that the stories were made up by rival families. The Elizabethan era is named for her. Countess Elizabeth Bthory de Ecsed (Hungarian: Bthori Erzsbet, pronounced[batori rebt]; Slovak: Albeta Btoriov; 7 August 1560 21 August 1614)[1] was a Hungarian noblewoman and alleged serial killer from the family of Bthory, who owned land in the Kingdom of Hungary (now Slovakia). Depictions of Bathory often mention her bathing in the blood of virgin victims in an attempt to recapture her lost youth. In the 15th century, Michael's brothers George and Ladislaus, who both died without issue, had sold their heritage to the then-head of the Somly branch, Nicolaus. According to SyFy, this claim didnt even appear in print until after shed been dead for more than a century. is that there is "a 400-year-old war between the uncanny descendants of "Blood Countess" Elizabeth Bathory, the most prolific female serial killer of all time, and a . "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. People grew more suspicious after she killed one noble girl. (2009). Some say that Countess Elizabeth Bthory, considered by many to be the world's worst female serial killer, was the true inspiration for Bram Stoker's Dracula. Printable . Elizabeth Bthory was a Hungarian countess who purportedly tortured and murdered more than 600 young women in the 16th17th century. Wikipedia, 2019, s.v. On December 30, 1609, Elizabeth Bthory and her servants were arrested. [3][6][7][bettersourceneeded] Countess Elizabeth Bthory de Ecsed (Bthory Erzsbet in Hungarian, Albeta Btoriov in Slovak; 7 August 1560 - 21 August 1614) was a countess from the renowned Bthory family of Hungarian nobility. The fourth was spared immediate execution; what happened to her afterward is unknown. Elizabeth Smart spent nine months in captivity after being abducted from her home at age 14 in 2002. [33] Moreover, Matthias owed a large debt to Bthory, which was cancelled after she was arrested. After Nadasdy died in January 1604, Bathory took control of her extensive estates. Meet Elizabeth Bathory, The Blood Countess Who May Have Been Historys Most Prolific Female Serial Killer. Her family contributed to her sadism by torturing their servants and peasants.4 One story suggests that after Bathory witnessed a man being sewn into a horses stomach for theft, she laughed at the sight of it.5 Bathory saw her family members torture their servants for fun, and this turned her adolescent self into a full-blown killer. in order to explain Bthory's cruelty later in her life is that she was trained by her family to be cruel. [6] A further division occurred under the great-grandsons of Ladislaus (latter half of the 15th century): John and Stephen dropped the name Bthory and founded the Szaniszlfi family, while Nikolaus continued the Somly branch. Bathory herself was spared from execution due to her status as a noble. [29][7][contradictory] On the evening of 20 August 1614, Bthory complained to her bodyguard that her hands were cold, whereupon he replied "It's nothing, mistress. In fact, some modern Hungarian scholars say that it may have been motivated more by others power and greed than her supposed evil. [45] Elizabeth received a strong education, and she became fluent in several languages.3 Although she seemed to be a regular noble woman, there was a dark truth behind her family and her. Make 2023 the year to let that wonderful you-ness shine. I never new much about Elizabeth Bathory other than her obsession with Virgin blood and the occult, but boy did some of these accounts just turn my stomach. Although in modern times she has been labelled the most prolific female serial killer in . At first, all appeared to have been well under Bathorys leadership. [2] Her family ruled Transylvania as an independent region within the Hungarian kingdom. A genealogy of the Nadasdy family, including her descendants Arkiveret 7. juni 2008 hos Wayback Machine; A genealogy of the Bthory family Arkiveret 7. juni 2008 hos Wayback Machine; A Brief on the life and death of Hungary's infamous Blood Countess, Elizabeth Bathory-Nadasdy Another indication that I am an irrelevant old fart! [citation needed], Bthory's daughter, Anna Ndasdy, was born in 1585 and was later to become the wife of Nikola VI Zrinski. In 1575 she married Count Ferencz Ndasdy and moved to Castle Csejte (now in Cachtice, Slovakia), a wedding gift from Ndasdys family. In the years after Bathorys husband passed, whispers floated around about Bathorys actions, specifically her killing young girls. [1], In 1279, King Ladislaus IV rewarded Andrew's brother Hodos[2] The Ecsed branch commonly sided with the Habsburgs: Stephen VII, who had escaped the battle, fled with Louis' widow to Pozsony (now Bratislava), where he organized the election of Ferdinand of Austria as King of Hungary. He reportedly surprised Bathory in the middle of tormenting a victim and in response immediately imprisoned her in her home (her high status meant she would not be jailed as a common criminal). The Habsburg court owed her money they didn't want to pay. Extremely well written article. The Csejte church and the castle of Csejte do not bear any markings of her possible grave. A great example of what a bad upbringing can do and the potential of a bad upbringing to not only bring harm to the person involved but the society as well. She became a leading public health activist during her lifetime. I have never heard of this story, it was very interesting to read and learn about! As a wealthy noblewoman, Bathory evaded the law until 1610, according to the History Channel. It is unclear whether he died before or after his sisters Elizabeth and Sophia. This family was literally so powerful, they had multiple branches. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). While documents from the 1611 trial supported the accusations made against her, modern scholarship has questioned the veracity of the allegations. For years, citizens were frightened of Elizabeth Bathory. Countess Elisabeth Bthory (August 7, 1560 - August 21, 1614) was a Hungarian noblewoman who has become renowned as a pre-modern Serial Killer, allegedly kidnapping, torturing, and murdering dozens of young peasant girls. Her first targets were said to have been poor girls and young women who were lured to the castle with the promise of servant work. Elizabeth's father was George VI Bthory, who was from the Bthory family's Esced branch. The third son, Stephen V (d. 1493) excelled as a military commander and was made Voivode of Transylvania, the first of a long line of Bthory rulers of that country. Her parents were both Bthory, her father was Baron George VI Bthory of the Ecsed branch of the Bthory family and her mother was Baroness Anna Bthory. Hambly. Her family controlled Transylvania, and her uncle Stephen Bthory was king of Poland. As an intelligent, powerful woman who ruled without a man at her side, and as a member of a family whose wealth intimidated the king, his court went on a mission to discredit and ruin her. Elizabeth was not the mother of the youngsters she murdered, yet ''she was related by blood or marriage to nearly all the victims named in the testimonies'' (Thorne 31). 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. Bthory is said to have begun killing daughters of the lesser gentry, who were sent to her gynaeceum by their parents to learn courtly etiquette. Elizabeth Bthory., College of Arts, Humanities, & Social Sciences. [2] Her servants were put on trial and convicted, whereas Bthory was confined to her home. [12] Nicknames and literary epithets attributed to her include The Blood Countess and Countess Dracula. These theories suggest that the King brought these charges against her because he did not like that she was Protestant and a powerful women.19 However, no evidence exists to back up these theories. The citizens of Hungary did not even speak Bathorys name for hundreds of years.18 Conspiracy theories argue that Bathory was actually innocent. She remained there until she died. In Hungarian the word btor means "brave". Istvan Magyari, a Lutheran minister, filed a complaint about Bathory. But as time went on, rumors that Bathory tortured her servants began to spread. However, it's unlikely Bathory was completely innocent. She also supposedly kidnapped local girls in the area who would never have come to the castle of their own free will. MINIATURE framed painting art. Likewise, some historians say that witnesses probably provided the incriminating yet contradictory testimonies under duress and that the king called for the death penalty before Bathorys family could intervene on her behalf. She has since gone on to become an accomplished activist and author. The most common motif of these works was that of the countess bathing in her virgin victims' blood to retain beauty or youth. [13] At the time, symptoms relating to epilepsy were diagnosed as falling sickness and treatments included rubbing blood of a non-sufferer on the lips of an epileptic or giving the epileptic a mix of a non-sufferer's blood and piece of skull as their episode ended. 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